NOTE B13 Research & Innovation
- Index
- 1 NOTE B1 Net sales
- 2 NOTE B2 Underlying raw material & energy costs
- 3 NOTE B3 Underlying EBITDA
- 4 NOTE B4 Underlying depreciation & amortization
- 5 NOTE B5 Underlying net financial charges
- 6 NOTE B6 Underlying income taxes
- 7 NOTE B7 Underlying profit from discontinued operations
- 8 NOTE B8 CAPEX
- 9 NOTE B9 Free Cash Flow
- 10 NOTE B10 Net working capital
- 11 NOTE B11 Underlying net debt
- 12 NOTE B12 CFROI
- 13 NOTE B13 Research & Innovation
In € million |
|
FY 2017 |
FY 2016(1) |
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|
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IFRS research & development costs |
a |
(290) |
(305) |
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Grants netted in research & development costs |
b |
26 |
33 |
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Depreciation, amortization & impairments included in research & development costs |
c |
(55) |
(54) |
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Capex in research & innovation |
d |
(64) |
(66) |
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Research & innovation |
e = a-b-c+d |
(325) |
(350) |
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Net sales |
f |
10,125 |
10,884 |
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Research & innovation intensity |
g = -e/f |
3.2% |
3.2% |
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Research & Innovation efforts in 2017 were €(325) million. The global expenditure analysis clearly underlines that innovation projects are widely focused on growth globally.
Some 83% of the Group’s R&I investments are directly managed by GBUs.
The R&I intensity – the ratio of research and innovation efforts on net sales – reached 3.2%.